Enhancing the transparency of data and ml models using explainable AI (XAI)

To this end, this paper focuses on the increasing demand for the explainability of Machine Learning (ML) models especially in environments where these models are employed to make critical decisions such as in healthcare, finance, and law. Although the typical ML models are considered opaque, XAI provides a set of ways and means to propose making these models more transparent and, thus, easier to explain. This paper describes and analyzes the model-agnostic approach, method of intrinsic explanation, post-hoc explanation, and visualization instruments and demonstrates the use of XAI in various fields. The paper also speaks about the requirement of capturing the accuracy and interpretability for creating responsible and ethical AI.