Research on Factors Influencing Cognitive Load of Learners in Digital Learning Environment

The impact mechanism of cognitive load on learners in digital learning environment is the result of dynamic interaction of multidimensional factors. The core influencing factor system is composed of environmental technical characteristics (such as interface complexity and media presentation), individual traits (including prior knowledge and cognitive style), task design elements (such as project phase division and time pressure), and collaborative interaction modes (such as target interdependence and interpretation depth). These factors significantly affect learning effectiveness by regulating the generation pathways of internal, external, and related cognitive loads. Among them, the adaptability between the environment and individuals, threshold control of task complexity, and optimization design of collaborative structures constitute key intervention nodes. The integrated framework proposed in the study provides a theoretical basis and practical path for reducing cognitive load and enhancing the scientific design of digital learning environments.