ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of furnace temperature (900°C and 945°C), applied electric field (50–200 V.cm −1 ), and current density (50–150 mA.mm −2 ) on the physical properties and microstructure of flash‐sintered wall tile bodies. Water absorption, bulk density, and open porosity were measured and compared with an industrially fired reference sample. The processing–property map reveals that water absorption and density are influenced by the interaction between thermal and electrical parameters. Samples flash‐sintered at 900°C satisfied the ISO 10545‐3 water absorption requirement (10–20 wt%), whereas some samples processed at 945°C exhibited values below 10 wt%. Increasing furnace temperature and electric field lead to lower porosity, while higher current densities activate crystallization mechanisms and increase open porosity from 12.44% to 20.01%. These results demonstrate that simultaneous optimization of temperature, electric field, and current density is essential for tailoring wall tile properties via flash sintering (FS).
Çetinkaya et al. (Wed,) studied this question.