Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Deployment in Informal Urban Areas in Nigeria: A Systematic Literature Review

Informal urban areas in Nigeria face significant challenges in integrating electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure due to limited resources and planning frameworks. A systematic literature review approach was employed, utilising databases such as Web of Science and Scopus to identify relevant studies. Studies published between and were included. The review identified a notable lack of standardised EV charging stations in informal urban areas, with only about 20% of the reviewed studies providing detailed deployment strategies. Despite initial challenges, there is growing interest among stakeholders in developing sustainable solutions to support EV adoption in these environments. Public-private partnerships should be encouraged to fund and manage charging stations. Additionally, local governments need to develop targeted policies for informal areas. The empirical specification follows Y=₀+^ X+, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.