Comprehensive evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of Cucurbita maxima leaf extract: LC–MS phytochemical profiling coupled with in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches

Key Points

• Cucurbita maxima leaf extract demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory potential in vitro and in vivo, supporting its traditional use.
• Key phytochemicals identified through LC-MS profiling highlight the extract's beneficial properties against inflammation and oxidative stress.
• This assessment combined both in vitro and in vivo approaches to comprehensively evaluate the extract's effects on inflammation.
• Further clinical evaluations are suggested to confirm therapeutic efficacy and isolate key active compounds from the extract.