Black Holes, Quantum Gravity, and Cosmological Predictions in the ``Information = Matter'' Unified Theory Geometric Structures, Observables, and Testable Signatures

This extended paper develops the black hole sector, quantum gravity regime, cosmological predictions, and observational testability of the ``information = matter'' unified theory constructed in the previous works. Starting from the information--Einstein equation and its quantum extensions, we derive: (i) information-corrected black hole metrics and horizon thermodynamics; (ii) an information-geometric formulation of quantum gravity via path-integral measures on information manifolds; (iii) modified Friedmann equations and effective dark sector phenomenology; and (iv) concrete, table-based predictions for cosmological parameters and astrophysical observables, suitable for comparison with current and future data. All derivations are explicit and rigorous, and several new original equations (1--12) are introduced to encode the extended structure.