Electronic Health Record Systems Based on Blockchain: A Comprehensive Survey

The rapid growth in the spectrum of cyber threats, coupled with the evolution of digital uses, services and infrastructures in the healthcare sector, means that security measures need to be reassessed to ensure that they are in step with the reality on the ground and adapted accordingly, as smart healthcare systems show a dearth of privacy and security in the digitization and sharing of health records. Blockchain, being a new decentralized infrastructure, is one of the leading revolutionary emerging technologies that can be used to improve data integrity and traceability in healthcare systems. This study investigates how blockchain technology is affecting the healthcare domain, comprehensively analyzing its implications, challenges, and capabilities. The results indicate that blockchain is a revolutionary technology for creating transparent personal health records that can address the limitations of smart healthcare system management and provide a decentralized environment for exchanging healthcare data. However, there are still plenty of difficulties and obstacles that prevent it from being more widely accepted by healthcare stakeholders.