Recent AI Applications in Electrical Vehicles for Sustainability

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in Electric Vehicles (EVs) offers tremendous potential for driving sustainable transportation solutions. This review paper comprehensively analyzes recent advancements and applications of AI in EVs throughout vehicle control, energy management, powertrain, optimization, battery design, and the regulatory environment of autonomous vehicles. Key facts and figures confirm the environmental benefits of increased adoption of EVs, including significantly fewer greenhouse gases and improved air quality compared to conventional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles. Life cycle assessments underscore the sustainability advantages of EVs but also note that further improvements are needed to continue to minimize environmental impact. Technical challenges in AI integration, including data security, data interoperability, and AI processing, are discussed. Policy considerations, including government incentives to continue EV adoption and increased regulation of autonomous vehicle technologies, are also discussed. The review looks to the future with an outlook on potential research directions, including improving AI capabilities for EVs and overcoming infrastructure issues to serve the transportation of tomorrow. The contribution of this paper is to aid in the understanding of the ongoing electrification and digitization of personal transportation, how AI will enable EVs to disrupt the automobile industry and to reduce transport impact. Decreasing the transportation impact will require innovations and technology diffusion in the overarching push for a cleaner, electrified transport system. Within the interdisciplinary research of electrification of personal transportation, it is required to integrate knowledge from business, communication, technologists, policy, and the milieu for urgent sustainability missions.