A Dual-Layer Normative Deviation System with Regime Mapping for Resting EEG

A dual-layer resting EEG framework for subject-level biomarker mapping that separates magnitude of deviation from type of large-scale cortical organization. The system combines a multivariate Normative Deviation Index (NDI), a Universal Architecture Score (UAS), and a joint regime map. Evaluated on a TDBRAIN-derived labeled cohort of 911 subjects, the framework achieved AUC = 0.824 for clinical versus healthy, AUC = 0.821 for ADHD versus healthy, and AUC = 0.832 for MDD versus healthy. Reduced subject-level baselines were weaker, supporting the importance of multivariate organization relative to healthy reference structure. The joint UAS-NDI space revealed distinct regimes including healthy-like compact states, preserved-structure high-deviation states, structural-shift states, and reorganized states. This reframes resting EEG biomarker analysis from single-score classification toward structured deviation mapping. That description is faithful to the manuscript abstract and results.