From multifunctional catalysts to smart substrates: adsorption control for efficient light-driven one-pot benzimidazole synthesis over Pd/NH 2 –Ni–Fe-MOF

Key Points

• To explore how modulating reaction substrates can enhance adsorption and improve the synthesis of benzimidazoles.
• Used Pd/NH2-Ni-Fe-MOF as a catalyst.
• Conducted reactions under visible light irradiation.
• Examined the effect of substrate modulation on adsorption behavior.
• Improved synthesis efficiency of benzimidazoles was observed.
• Optimal substrate modulation significantly enhanced intermediate adsorption.