Climate Change as a Political Question: Governance, Accountability and Global Justice

Climate change has emerged not merely as an environmental concern but as a profound political question, challenging traditional notions of governance, accountability, and global justice. The impacts of climate change—ranging from rising sea levels to extreme weather events—disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, raising ethical and political dilemmas about responsibility, equity, and international cooperation. This study examines climate change through a political lens, emphasizing the roles of state and non-state actors in policy formulation, implementation, and accountability mechanisms. It explores the interplay between domestic governance structures and global climate governance institutions, highlighting tensions between national interests and collective global responsibility. By analysing climate negotiations, policy frameworks, and justice-oriented approaches, the research underscores the necessity of inclusive decision-making, transparency, and enforceable commitments to achieve equitable solutions. The paper argues that framing climate change as a political issue can strengthen democratic governance, enhance accountability, and foster global justice, offering actionable insights for policymakers, scholars, and civil society actors.