Features of the implementation and limitations of human information rights in the context of external threats and military aggression in Ukraine

The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the fact that, in the current context, there was a growing interest on the part of the scientific and legislative community in the fourth generation of human rights, namely information rights. At the same time, under the legal regime of martial law at the legislative level, the implementation of such rights by any person may be restricted, but such restrictions must meet certain criteria. The aim of the study was to assess the restrictions on human information rights in wartime through the prism of contemporary theoretical concepts of the protection of these rights. The following methods were used in the work: formal-legal, systemic-structural, and prognostic. It was determined that restrictions on human information rights under martial law must meet the criteria of accessibility, comprehensibility, preservation of the balance between private and public interests, proportionality, and have a legitimate and sufficiently justified purpose. It is concluded that the main measures (tools) for protecting human information rights under martial law should be actions taken by civil society. An analysis of the experience of NATO countries (the United States, Estonia, Latvia) has demonstrated the effectiveness of an integrated approach that combines legislative regulation with educational measures and institutional support. The results of the study confirm the relevance of these changes. It is concluded that only a comprehensive modernisation of the regulatory framework, educational system and institutional support will effectively protect human information rights in the context of modern hybrid challenges. The results of this work can be used to develop regulatory and subordinate regulatory acts on the protection of human information rights