High-concentration annihilators for efficient green-to-blue photon upconversion and photocatalytic production of hydroxyl radicals

Key Points

• The production of hydroxyl radicals was significantly improved using high-concentration annihilators in photon upconversion.
• A 3.5-fold increase in hydroxyl radical yield was observed under optimal conditions, indicating effective energy transformation.
• Assessment using photon upconversion techniques demonstrated that green light can be converted to blue light effectively with minimal losses.
• This study supports the potential for practical applications of upconversion in energy-related fields and environmental science.