Quantize Time: Planck Time as the Universal Temporal Floor and the Resolution of Gravitational Singularities

A century of attempts to bring gravity into the framework of Quantum Field Theory has originated from the assumption that gravity itself must be the quantity made discrete. We propose instead that the quantization should be applied to time. Planck time is established as the universal temporal unit of spacetime, constant across all reference frames and defining the minimum duration below which temporal resolution becomes undefined. Gravity, being a property of spacetime rather than a force propagating through it, is automatically bounded by this temporal floor without requiring a carrier particle or a modification to General Relativity.1 Singularities no longer arise in the Schwarzschild metric, the Friedmann equations, or the stress-energy tensor, because the time derivatives responsible for producing mathematical infinities can no longer shrink below a finite interval. Black holes become extreme compact objects governed by Planck density as a physical ceiling rather than by unbounded curvature. Time dilation is defined as observers in different gravitational potentials failing to synchronize cleanly with the universal clock, reproducing every verified prediction of GR through a discrete mechanism rather than a continuous one. This new framework preserves classical gravity at all observable scales while eliminating the conditions in which the mathematics have historically broken down.