With the continuous improvement of swimming competition level, high-altitude training, as a scientific and effective training method, has received attention from swimmers. Both professional teams and amateur sports schools give widespread attention to high-altitude training. The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of the three-week high-altitude training load of 15-17 male student swimmers and analyze whether it is effective for competition results. Ten male student swimmers (national level one or above) aged 15-17 years old were selected as the subjects and underwent a three-week high-altitude training at an altitude of 1900 meters. Method: The research method uses a tracking observation method and adopts a five-level load intensity model for adolescent swimmers to analyze the load characteristics (load amount, load intensity) of the high-altitude training water training plan. Based on the competition results, this study explores the appropriate training load for 15–17-year-old student swimmers during three weeks of high-altitude training. The research results show that the overall trend of water load during three weeks of high-altitude training is wave-like, with a training frequency of 8-10 times and a water training time of 120-150 minutes per session. The weekly training time is between 960 minutes and 1380 minutes. The total weekly load between 48050 meters and 54350 meters, and the three-week high-altitude training load intensity is mainly focused on interval 2 and interval 3 intensity training. Through three weeks of high-altitude training under this load, 70% of student athletes have improved their performance in both the pre-high altitude (last competition) and post-high altitude (last competition) specific areas, with an average improvement of 2.4% in performance. Among them, 60% of student athletes showed a significant improvement of more than 1 second in their specialized performance, with an average performance increase of 2.6%. Among the performance improvement events for student athletes, breaststroke and butterfly events are particularly prominent. In terms of distance, mid-range athletes have the greatest improvement, while short distance events have limited improvement. This training load characteristic is effective for male student swimmers aged 15-17 at high altitudes and has a positive impact on their competition performance. However, due to the special group, high-altitude training has time limitations. This study was conducted within a relatively short three-week high-altitude training period, and further exploration is needed on the characteristics of high-altitude training programs and load monitoring for this group.
Lyu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.