This study aimed to investigate the association between idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and facial asymmetry in a gender-balanced case-control design. Based on power analysis, 100 participants were recruited (50 IS patients: 25 male, 25 female; 50 controls: 25 male, 25 female). Facial asymmetry was evaluated through clinical examination and frontal cephalometric analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, with post-hoc power calculation. Facial asymmetry was present in 41 (82%) of IS patients compared to 18 (36%) of controls ( p < 0.001). The achieved power was 99% for detecting this difference. Among IS patients, 21 males (84%) and 20 females (80%) exhibited facial asymmetry. In controls, facial asymmetry was observed in 10 males (40%) and 8 females (32%). The odds ratio for facial asymmetry in IS patients was 7.64 (95% CI 3.02–19.32) compared to controls. Idiopathic scoliosis is significantly associated with facial asymmetry, with no substantial gender difference in this association. The high statistical power confirms the reliability of these findings.
Taşkin et al. (Sat,) studied this question.