From 1977 onwards, a new youth movement was emerging in the north-west of England. Initially unnamed and recognized only by those who were a part of it, this new subculture centred around three key elements: actively following a football team; wearing branded clothing at the match as a marker of group identity; and, at least for some within the scene, engaging in violence against rival football fans.
Pauline Rushton (Mon,) studied this question.