What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to understand insulin resistance prevalence and its connection to obesity in midlife adults.

February 2, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Understanding Insulin Resistance in Obese Adults During Midlife: A Review of Prevalence, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Outcomes

ARAmrita Richhariya JAJuhi Aggarwal RGRajnarayan Gupta

Key Points

The aim is to understand insulin resistance prevalence and its connection to obesity in midlife adults.
Cross-sectional review of literature
Aggregation of global cohort data
Meta-analyses up to 2025
Insulin resistance prevalence exceeds 60% in the studied population
Visceral adiposity and inflammation are significant contributors
Emphasis on the need for enhanced screening and interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events

Abstract

Insulin resistance (IR) constitutes a pivotal mechanism linking obesity to cardiometabolic diseases, with particular salience in middle-aged adults where cumulative lifestyle exposures converge with age-related physiological declines. This cross-sectional review synthesises contemporary evidence on IR prevalence, determinants, and correlates in obese individuals aged 36-55 years, aggregating data from global cohorts and meta-analyses published through 2025. Pooled analyses reveal IR prevalence exceeding 60%, driven by visceral adiposity and inflammation, underscoring imperatives for enhanced screening and multifaceted interventions to avert progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular events.

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