Adults aged 40 or older with moderate or complex congenital heart disease had a similar prevalence of cognitive dysfunction (23.7% vs 20.9%, P=0.75) and frailty (36.5% vs 29.0%, P=0.26) as controls.
Cross-Sectional (n=242)
Yes
Does moderate or severe congenital heart disease increase the prevalence of frailty and cognitive dysfunction in adults over 40 compared to controls?
Contrary to expectations, adults over 40 with moderate or severe congenital heart disease do not exhibit higher rates of cognitive dysfunction or frailty than age-matched controls.
Absolute Event Rate: 23.7% vs 20.9%
p-value: p=0.75
Abstract Background Decades of progress in care and treatment for congenital heart disease (CHD) have gradually shifted the research focus from initial survival to long-term prognosis and the ageing of adults with CHD. Knowledge about the aging adult with CHD will guide interventions to safeguard the quality of life across the life course in adults with CHD. The present study compares the prevalence of frailty and cognitive dysfunction between adults with CHD and a control group. Methods Using a multicenter design, we compared adults with moderate or complex CHD aged 40 or older, equally distributed 40-49, 50-59, and 60 years of age, with age and sex-matched controls. We assessed frailty phenotypes using the Fried method and cognitive dysfunction using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool. Results In total, 156 adults with CHD (56.0 ± 10.4 years, 54.4% male) and 86 controls (55.6 ± 11.2 years, 55.8% male) were included in the study. The overall proportions of cognitive dysfunction (MoCA score 26) were similar between adults with CHD and controls (23.7% vs. 20.9%, p= 0.75). Similarly, there was no difference in the prevalence of pre-frailty/frailty between adults with CHD and controls (36.5% vs. 29.0%, p= 0.26). Conclusion Prevalence rates of cognitive dysfunction and frailty were somewhat unexpectedly similar between adults with CHD and age-matched controls. As more patients, particularly those with complex heart lesions, reach older ages, the prevalence of cognitive impairment and frailty may change.
Johansson et al. (Sat,) conducted a cross-sectional in Moderate or severe congenital heart disease (n=242). Moderate or complex congenital heart disease vs. Age and sex-matched controls was evaluated on Cognitive dysfunction (MoCA score < 26) (p=0.75). Adults aged 40 or older with moderate or complex congenital heart disease had a similar prevalence of cognitive dysfunction (23.7% vs 20.9%, P=0.75) and frailty (36.5% vs 29.0%, P=0.26) as controls.