Trividha Karma With Special Refernce to Purvakarma in Shalyaja Vyadhis

Shalya Tantra is one among branches of Ayurveda, extensively elaborated by Acharya Sushruta. Surgical procedures in Ayurveda are structured under the concept of Trividha Karma, comprising Poorva Karma (preoperative measures), Pradhana Karma (operative procedure), and Paschat Karma (postoperative care). Among these, Poorva Karma forms the foundation upon which the success of the entire surgical intervention depends. The present article aims to elaborate the concept of Poorva Karma with special reference to Shalya tantra Vyadhis and to correlate these principles with modern preoperative care. A conceptual and literary review of classical Ayurvedic texts along with contemporary surgical literature reveals that most modern preoperative protocols were already systematically described in Ayurvedic classics. Proper execution of Poorva Karma ensures optimal physical and psychological preparedness of the patient, minimizes complications, and improves postoperative outcomes.