Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, affecting 6–20% of this population depending on diagnostic criteria applied. Beyond its metabolic and reproductive consequences, PCOS significantly impacts mental health, particularly depression, anxiety, and body image disturbance. This clinical literature review synthesizes evidence from clinical studies and observational research examining the psychological burden of PCOS. Evidence indicates that women with PCOS experience markedly elevated rates of depression (approximately 49%) and anxiety compared to healthy controls, with depression predominantly presenting as mild to moderate severity. Lifestyle factors, including lack of exercise (OR=7.5), psychological stress (OR=6.5), sleep disturbance, and high-fat diet, constitute significant modifiable risk factors for depression. Body image disturbance emerges as a critical mediating factor between PCOS symptoms and psychological distress, affecting quality of life and overall well-being. Body appreciation, in contrast to mere absence of dissatisfaction, constitutes a particularly important protective factor for mental health. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychosocial interventions demonstrate substantial efficacy in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. Routine mental health screening and implementation of evidence-based psychological interventions are essential components of comprehensive PCOS care. This review emphasizes the necessity of integrated, multidisciplinary approaches addressing both physical and psychological aspects of PCOS, with particular attention to lifestyle modification as a therapeutic strategy.
Mazurkiewicz et al. (Fri,) studied this question.