AI analysis found training history (SHAP=0.23) and skeletal muscle mass (SHAP≈0.8) are top determinants of achievements and endurance across sports.
What are the determinants of athletic achievements and endurance using AI-based calculators in different sports?
AI-based calculators using sports cardiology screening data identified training history and skeletal muscle mass as key determinants of athletic achievement and endurance, respectively.
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Abstract Introduction Medals are the indicators of athletic achievements, but a gold medal does not always represent the best endurance. However, good endurance is the key to maximize physical and mental skills. Purose: To investigate the determinants of achievements and endurance by using artificial intelligence (AI) in different sports. Methods We have continued our previous AI study on our sports cardiology screening database (questionnaire, ECG, echocardiography, body composition, cardiopulmonary exercise test - CPET). The Achievement score (1-5points) reflects athletes' best achievement; while the Endurance score (0-10points) describes the performance based on CPET. We tested the Achievement and Endurance calculators in different sports. AQUA points were used to describe swimming performance. The strength of variables was defined by Shapley values (SHAP). Results Altogether, 1035 assessments were performed on 555 athletes (19.5±5 year, male: 76%). Athletes were categorized into water sports (29% swimming, 16% water polo) and dryland sports (25% basketball, 16% soccer, 14% handball). The most important determinants of achievements were training history (SHAP=0.23) and amount (SHAP=0.15) in all sports. Body fat percentage (water sports: SHAP=0.10; dryland sports: SHAP=0.01) and ferritin (water sports: SHAP=0.06; dryland sports: SHAP=0.01) were more important in water sports regarding achievements. Endurance is mainly determined by skeletal muscle mass (water sports: SHAP=0.86; dryland sports: SHAP=0.78) and body fat percentage (water sports: SHAP=0.40; dryland sports: SHAP=0.26) regardless of sport. When analyzing the swimmers separately, the role of ferritin (SHAP=0.06) and body fat percentage (SHAP=0.08) is even more pronounced in terms of achievements. Achievement score correlates with the AQUA points (r=0.51, p0.0001). Conclusions Achievements and endurance are determined by similar factors for both water and dryland sports, and our AI-based calculators can be reliably used in all sports. For swimmers, we have created the AQUA calculator that gives the most accurate prediction of swimming performance.
Sydó et al. (Sat,) reported a other. AI analysis found training history (SHAP=0.23) and skeletal muscle mass (SHAP≈0.8) are top determinants of achievements and endurance across sports.