Abstract To solve the problems of precise operation and real-time interaction during the spraying process of industrial robots, a new spraying method based on digital twin technology is proposed. In view of the limitations of traditional spraying processes in complex geometric shape processing, spraying uniformity control, and operational flexibility, this study built a highly simulated virtual environment based on digital twin and human–machine collaboration technology, allowing operators to guide the robot in real time for precise spraying operations. The use of multisensor fusion technology achieves a high degree of consistency between the physical and virtual environments, ensuring that the system can maintain high-precision spraying on complex workpiece surfaces. The experimental designed spraying tasks for different geometric shapes and evaluated the performance of the system’s interactive spraying method in terms of real-time feedback guidance and path planning. The results show that the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the spraying process, especially showing obvious advantages when processing complex geometric workpieces, and provides a new technical approach for future high-precision manufacturing.
Yu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.