Abstract Background Intestinal colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae represents a major public health concern as it can lead to difficult-to-treat infections, environmental contamination, and transmission. This study evaluated the efficacy of a prophylactic treatment using Escherichia coli strains isolated from murine feces (comEc) to reduce intestinal colonization by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli (ESBL-E. coli) in a murine model of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. Methods and Results The comEc treatment was administered intragastrically one day prior to ESBL-E. coli challenge. Colonization levels were monitored daily using culture-based quantification. Fecal microbiota composition was analyzed before the ESBL-E. coli challenge to identify predictors of treatment efficacy. The comEc treatment significantly reduced mean ESBL-producing E. coli levels during the first 4 days. Notably, 14% of treated mice exhibited marked and sustained decolonization, whereas others had only a limited and transient effect. Conclusion In this proof-of-concept study, prophylactic treatment with murine-derived E. coli strains transiently reduced fecal ESBL-E. coli titers, although pronounced efficacy was observed in a small subset of animals.
Ishnaiwer et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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