Non-communicable Disease Burden and Determinants Among Long-Distance Truck Drivers on the Northern Corridor: A Scoping Review from an African Perspective

Long-distance truck drivers are a critical occupational group in Africa, facing unique health risks. The Northern Corridor, a major trade route, presents specific environmental and social contexts. The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among these drivers is a growing concern, but evidence from an African perspective is fragmented. This scoping review aimed to map and synthesise existing evidence on the prevalence and determinants of NCDs among long-distance truck drivers operating on the Northern Corridor route, with a focus on Ethiopia. A systematic scoping review methodology was employed. Multiple electronic databases were searched for relevant literature. Studies were screened, selected, and charted against predefined criteria. Data were analysed thematically to identify patterns and gaps. The review identified a high prevalence of NCD risk factors. A prominent finding was the clustering of multiple behavioural risks, with a notable proportion of drivers engaged in several major risk behaviours concurrently. Key determinants included prolonged sitting, poor dietary habits, substance use, psychosocial stress, and limited access to healthcare services along the route. The evidence indicates a significant, multifaceted burden of NCD risk among truck drivers on the Northern Corridor. The occupational environment strongly promotes unhealthy behaviours, defining a high-risk group for chronic conditions. Context-specific interventions are needed, including mobile health services at major truck stops, targeted health education, and policy reforms to mandate regular health checks. Further primary research is required to quantify disease prevalence and evaluate intervention effectiveness. non-communicable diseases, truck drivers, occupational health, risk factors, Africa, Northern Corridor, scoping review This review consolidates current evidence on NCDs in this population, highlighting key determinants and research gaps to inform public health policy and practice in the region.