This study evaluates natural radioactivity levels in environmental samples from Al-Nafoura oil field and surrounding areas in Al-Jikharra, Libya. Fourteen samples (soil, plant, and water) were analyzed to assess radiological hazards associated with oil and gas activities. Radionuclide concentrations of ^{226Ra}, ^{238U}, ^{235U}, ^{232Th}, and ^{40K} were measured using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. Results show elevated radionuclide levels in several samples, with some exceeding recommended limits. Notably, ^{226Ra} accumulation was pronounced in evaporation ponds, indicating localized radiological sources. Radiation hazard indices, including Ra ₄ₐ, I, H ₄ₗ, D ₎ₔₓ, AED ₎ₔₓ, and outdoor ELCR, were calculated; all remained within safe limits except for sample SO3-3, which exhibited Ra ₄ₐ of 2091 Bq/kg, surpassing the permissible threshold. AGDE values exceeded the world average in plant samples, signaling potential health risks. Water-source indicators stayed within acceptable ranges but neared other limits, underscoring the need for ongoing monitoring. The findings highlight radiological pollution risks for groundwater-dependent irrigation and agriculture, urging pollution reduction, water safety assurance, and protective measures for communities and ecosystems.
Erhoumah et al. (Tue,) studied this question.