Endovascular reperfusion followed by delayed open aortic repair in stable acute type A aortic dissection with malperfusion syndrome: a single-center experience

Background We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of endovascular reperfusion followed by delayed open aortic repair in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and malperfusion syndrome (MPS), as well as risk factors for mortality associated with organ failure. Methods We retrospectively selected 777 patients with ATAAD admitted to our center. Patients with MPS ( n = 121; 15.6%), who were hemodynamically stable and without evidence of aortic rupture/tamponade, underwent interventional reperfusion (IR) through aortic/mesenteric branch stenting, followed by delayed open aortic repair (OR). Patients without MPS (non-MPS) ( n = 656; 84.4%) received immediate open aortic repair. Results Overall hospital mortality was 37.2% in patients with ATAAD and MPS, significantly higher than in those without MPS (8.2%). However, patients with MPS who successfully underwent delayed repair after stenting had hospital mortality rates comparable to non-MPS patients (11.7% vs. 8.2%; p = 0.306) and similar short-term survival. Hypertension, leukocytosis, fibrin degradation products (FDP), D-dimer, and FDP/D-dimer ratios were independent predictors of mortality associated with irreversible organ failure. Conclusion Endovascular stenting followed by delayed open aortic repair in stable patients with ATAAD and MPS had favorable short-term outcomes. Stenting of the aorta and/or aortic branches is a relatively simple, minimally invasive intervention with short-term patency.