The intestinal ecosystem (gut microbiota, intestinal mucosa, intestinal immune cells, neuronal components (enteric nervous system and vagus nerve), and metabolic products of microbes) has a potent influence on homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). The mounting preclinical and clinical evidence is pointing towards the involvement of gut-derived signals in both neuroinflammatorysignaling and neuroprotectivesignaling to exacerbate neurological disease and maintain neuronal activity respectively. It is a survey of mechanistic knowledge (barrier integrity, immune modulation, microbial metabolites, vagal and enteric signaling), clinical and experimental evidence on large-scale disorders (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, autism spectrum disorder), and new ways of therapeutic intervention (dietary modulation, psychobiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, metabolites and receptor-targeted drugs, and neuromodulation). We present unanswered questions and give a roadmap of a translational research and clinical trials to implement the intestinal environment to shield the brain.
Vinjavarapu L. Anusha*, L. Samatha Sri1, K. Jahnavi1, Mounika1, Sirisha1, Pardhu1, Roddick1, A. Lakshmisai Sri1, K. Naga Venkatasatyasai Himaja1, P. Lakshmi Narayana1, G. Sri Pavani1 (Mon,) studied this question.