abstract: Heinrich Böll—like several other writers of his time—has been described as realistic both as a writer and about the nature of his writing. This is done in many ways. That's why we are dealing with a whole series of Böll's realisms that are not always compatible. With this in mind, the article explores the specifics of Böll's concept of realism, including its development as a form of "processual realism." A distinction is made between (a) author-poetics, (b) the concepts of realism in literary studies, and (c) the realism effects that Böll's texts produce.
Rolf Parr (Sun,) studied this question.