Despite significant advances in the field of disease diagnosis, early diagnosis of many biological disorders faces serious challenges. The existence of subclinical or preclinical phases in many diseases, or the dependence of diagnosis on parameters that usually change noticeably in more advanced stages of the disease is limitations to timely diagnosis of diseases. Given the very close relationship between the immune system and the nervous system, it can be said that changes at different levels of the immune system can affect the functioning of the nervous system and the brain. On the other hand, functional changes in different parts of the brain can lead to changes in the behavior of a species. Despite this biological link, and within a conceptual framework, behavior can be introduced as a valuable and non-invasive indicator for early diagnosis of many diseases. It should be noted that the lack of scientific studies on behavior in the early and mild phases of the disease in different species is a serious challenge and limitation in this field. In this conceptual insight article, we propose a conceptual framework for behavioral changes as the first functional output of biological disorders, and we intend to review clinical disorders, neuroimmune signaling, and behavioral changes together with a new perspective. This perspective may lead to new avenues for future research, early monitoring, and understanding of disease onset; although it still requires empirical validation.
Fargol Babakhani (Fri,) studied this question.