Abstract Background: Neutrophils are increasingly recognized as a key component of the tumor microenvironment. However, their spatial organization and interactions with other cells remain poorly characterized. The clinical and biological significance of these spatial patterns requires further exploration. Our study aims to identify clinically relevant neutrophil spatial architectures in breast cancer and elucidate their biological underpinnings. Methods: We established a large-scale breast cancer cohort covering all standard therapeutic regimens (adjuvant setting, n = 629; neoadjuvant setting, n = 381), with matched hematoxylin and eosin (H 2025 Dec 9-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2026;32(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS3-06-16.
Xu et al. (Tue,) studied this question.