What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to examine current approaches and challenges in managing costs related to kidney paired donation in the U.S.

February 25, 2026

Managing the Costs of Kidney Paired Donation: A Survey of Contemporary U.S. Practice and Challenges.

KLKrista L. LentineGoethe University Frankfurt SHSabiha M. HussainHospital of the University of Pennsylvania GGGeoffrey GheorghianSaint Louis University Hospital

Key Points

The aim is to examine current approaches and challenges in managing costs related to kidney paired donation in the U.S.
Conducted a survey of living donor kidney transplantation programs across the U.S.
Analyzed various financial strategies employed to cover kidney paired donation costs.
Identified gaps in the financial infrastructure related to kidney paired donation.
Various cost management approaches were reported by U.S. programs.
Significant gaps in financial infrastructure were highlighted.
Limited formal volume analyses were found to allocate resources effectively for kidney paired donation.

Abstract

Based on a survey of U.S. LDKT programs, a variety of approaches are used to cover the costs of KPD practice. Findings also underscore gaps in financial infrastructure, including limited formal volume analyses to guide investment in KPD resources.

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