Microbiome: A Nexus of One Health Strategies to Address Emerging Risks

Abstract This paper positions microbiomes as pivotal to advancing the One Health framework, emphasizing their role in linking human, animal, and environmental health. Despite widespread support, implementation faces hurdles due to insufficient metrics, standardized indicators, and limited cross-sector collaboration. An interdisciplinary team investigates how climate change, pollution, and microbial contamination influence microbiome dynamics. Microbiome indicators like stress, resilience, and stability are proposed as proxies for health to guide evidence-based interventions. Key domains for microbiome assessment include the human and animal gut, soil, groundwater, and built environments, with food safety and water quality data serving as vital connectors. The paper introduces the nanostructurome to uncover microbial communication pathways and enable precision microbiome modulation. Integration of microbiological databases, microbiome literacy, citizen science, and social science perspectives is advocated to foster coordinated action. Ultimately, the microbiome is proposed as a strategic nexus for conceptual alignment, health indicator development, and targeted interventions.