The development and validation of a comprehensive five-phase methodology for creating a functional digital twin of complex educational infrastructures are presented, implemented through the IPN Hidalgo campus as a case study. Unlike conventional approaches that focus on isolated aspects of digital twin development, this integrated methodology systematically addresses the complete lifecycle from physical characterization to operational synchronization. The implementation resulted in an interactive digital twin integrating 15 buildings and over 200 network components, deployed across multiple platforms, including: desktop, mobile, and mixed reality devices. The validation results demonstrated a 30% reduction in fault identification time for technical teams and 85% user satisfaction regarding interface intuitiveness, with instrument reliability confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.78. The methodological framework establishes a reproducible standard for developing educational digital twins that combine geometric accuracy with dynamic operational capabilities, offering significant advantages over fragmented approaches reported in the literature. Furthermore, the digital twin serves as a foundational platform for future integration of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and predictive analytics, aligning with emerging trends in educational infrastructure management through immersive technologies.
Hernández-Chávez et al. (Sun,) studied this question.