This paper introduces SDM-IF, a theoretical framework that models conceptual mastery as a structured, seven-dimensional latent cognitive object rather than a unidimensional performance score. It argues that mastery cannot be reliably inferred from static observation alone, and instead requires active, interventional probing across contexts, assumptions, and representations. The framework is implementation-agnostic and intended as a foundation for future empirical, computational, and pedagogical research.
Murad Ahmadov (Tue,) studied this question.