A novel method for determining loads and voltages making it possible to obtain reliable operational information concerning the state of a medium voltage distribution network is examined in the article. It is proposed to use the power and voltage values measured by means of balanced smart meters on the low-voltage side of distribution transformers. Such an approach is especially relevant when the measurements available in the distribution network are not sufficient to provide a complete observability level. The use of balance meters is economically advantageous, since the cost of electricity metering points in a low-voltage network is to a significant extent lower than it is in the case of a medium-voltage network. The analysis of mathematical models for power transformers used in the Russian distribution networks based on “wye-grounded wye” and “delta-grounded wye” winding connection circuits has made it possible to develop a simple algorithm to calculate the loads and voltages on the primary side of transformers in a medium voltage network. Resulting from the performed studies, factors affecting the redistribution of total loads between phases, phase load symmetry, independence of load capacities and their losses on the zero-sequence voltage component, and load flow calculation in an unbalanced network, as well as network reconfiguration required to minimize power losses have been determined. The efficiency of the proposed method is confirmed by calculations with the use of measurements performed in the case of real distribution networks, whereas the drawn conclusions are verified based on a physical model.
Golub et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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