Living knowledge labs (LKLs) serve as a strategic tool for co-creation and experimentation, fostering the active participation of diverse stakeholders, including communities, local administrations, associations and researchers. Rooted in the Quadruple Helix model of innovation, LKLs facilitate collaboration between stakeholders, promoting knowledge exchange, active learning and innovative solutions. The initial findings are presented from a case study into the transformative potential of LKLs in addressing sustainability challenges, emphasising participatory governance, social–ecological dynamics and social innovation. This case examines a decentralised composting LKL in Cáceres, Extremadura (Spain) as an innovative space for participatory organic waste management, circular economy practices and community empowerment. Individual and collective attitudes that shape composting behaviours were analysed and reveal the motivations and barriers at structural, collective and individual levels. PRACTICE RELEVANCE This case study shows how a variant of the living lab—the LKL—can foster innovation and social–ecological transformation. The use of shared learning and co-produced knowledge can empower local communities and promote their active participation in sustainable practices. Participatory action research can foster direct collaboration with residents to develop solutions that respond to their social and environmental needs, while validating the effectiveness of these approaches in real-world settings. This contributes to the gradual development of local participation and democratic ecological governance—particularly relevant in contexts where traditional governance models have historically marginalised local voices. The results can guide inclusive policies and practices, contributing to a transition towards more resilient and sustainable communities.
Sáez et al. (Thu,) studied this question.