Dual-strain engineering in Pd metallene for ultrasensitive tetracycline electrochemical biosensing

Key Points

• Electrochemical biosensing shows significant sensitivity to tetracycline, with detection limits in the low nanomolar range.
• The dual-strain engineering method enhances the catalytic performance of pd metallene, optimizing its biosensing ability.
• Ionic strength and temperature were controlled during the analysis to ensure reliable detection of tetracycline.
• Results highlight the potential of pd metallene for practical applications in environmental and clinical diagnostics.