Induction heating as practical preheating and post weld heat treatment to improve the quality in underwater wet welding of fine grain structural steels with high carbon equivalents

Key Points

• Quality improvements in underwater wet welding are observed with induction heating, enhancing fine grain steel performance.
• This method demonstrates better outcomes, reducing defects and improving the integrity of welds made on high carbon equivalents.
• Observational analysis highlights the importance of preheating and post weld heat treatment in underwater welding scenarios, focusing on steel properties.
• Induction heating may enable consistent quality in underwater welding; further studies are needed for broader application.],