Digital Twin and Virtual System Representation: Methodologies, Tools, and Practical Applications

Digital Twin (DT) technology is revolutionizing system representation by offering real-time, data-driven virtual replicas of physical systems. This paper explores the conceptual framework and methodologies behind DTs, emphasizing their role in providing comprehensive insights into system performance across their life cycle. A range of commercial IT tools are discussed, highlighting their applications in various industries alike manufacturing, transportation, energy, mentioning only the most frequently used. Through practical case studies—such as the real-time monitoring of systems, this paper demonstrates the efficacy of DTs in predictive maintenance, performance optimization, and structural health monitoring (i.e. in relation to transport linear infrastructure).