Non-tobacco nicotine dependence is associated with increased risk of surgical site complications, readmission and opioid consumption within 90 days post-operatively. Screening for NTND is required during pre-operative consultations and strategies aimed at mitigating the negative effect must be considered.
Zontag et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: