Peri-Implant Inflammation Varies With Different Restorative Emergence Angles: An Histological Evaluation.

Objectives To histologically evaluate peri-implant inflammatory responses associated with varying restorative emergence angles and to assess differences between buccal and lingual implant sites.Materials And Methods Six healthy male mongrel dogs received four bone-level implants (3.8 × 7 mm) per hemi-mandible in the posterior mandible. Customized abutments with standardized restorative angles of 20°, 40°, 60°, and 80° were immediately connected. After 24 weeks, all implants were retrieved for histological processing and quantitative analysis of inflammatory cell infiltration within three defined peri-implant soft tissue regions. A linear mixed-effects model was used to compare the groups to account for within-subject correlations.Results Histological sections were obtained for all specimens (N = 48). Inflammatory cell counts increased progressively with wider restorative angles, demonstrating a significant dose-dependent relationship (p 40°) are associated with increased peri-implant inflammatory cell infiltration, particularly at buccal sites.Clinical Relevance Wide restorative emergence angles (> 40°) favor peri-implant inflammation, potentially compromising the long-term stability of peri-implant tissues.