Impact of low-dose sufentanil on the effective sedative dose of ciprofol for BIS-guided induction in elderly patients: an up-and-down sequential allocation trial

Key Points

• Effective sedative doses of ciprofol may decrease when combined with low-dose sufentanil, enhancing sedation safety.
• In a sample of elderly patients, the study used an up-and-down sequential allocation trial design to assess induction impacts.
• With a focus on sedation levels guided by the Bispectral Index (BIS), the design allowed precise dose adjustments throughout the trial.
• These findings imply improved sedation strategies, especially for high-risk elderly patients undergoing procedures.