Sensitive electrochemical detection based on neodymium-doped indium oxide for determination of 4-aminophenol in wastewater containing pharmaceutical residues

Key Points

• Sensitive electrochemical detection achieved high selectivity for 4-aminophenol in wastewater samples, indicating effectiveness.
• The detection limit was found to be 0.01 µM, suitable for environmental monitoring of pharmaceutical residues.
• Assessment using neodymium-doped indium oxide demonstrated enhanced electroactive properties for accurate measurement.
• Highlights the need for effective monitoring of pharmaceutical pollutants in water systems to protect public health.