Qualitative findings on the benefits of depression treatment for pregnant women living with HIV in Uganda

Depression among women living with HIV affects their psychological well-being, HIV disease management, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission. A subset of 25 women selected from the intervention arm of the Maternal Depression Treatment in HIV (M-DEPTH) cluster randomized trial were interviewed; they had received either antidepressant therapy (ADT) or problem-solving therapy (PST). Their experiences as new mothers with the effects of depression and treatment on HIV disease and pregnancy management were assessed in a brief qualitative interview conducted in 2022. Seven were treated with ADT, 15 with PST, and three received both treatment modalities; all but two (n=23) responded to depression treatment. Participants reported improved adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy and described the treatment as being effective in alleviating depressive symptoms. Additionally, the process of treatment helped them to learn a lot about depression, mental health, and its connection to physical and emotional well-being. Participants also reported improvements in parenting and pregnancy management. The results highlight the need for greater prioritization of mental health care for women living with HIV to prevent poor mental health outcomes and enhance overall functioning, including management of HIV disease, pregnancy, and parenting.