Correlation Analysis Between Obesity Index and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing rapidly. However, the relationship between obesity indexes and Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels remains unclear. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,898 patients with T2DM who were treated in the Department of Endocrinology at Yuxi People’s Hospital between March 2018 and December 2024. Participants were grouped according to whether their HbA1c levels were below 7.0%. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between body mass index (BMI), visceral fat area (VFA), and waist circumference (WC) with glycosylated hemoglobin. In addition, a correlation matrix was generated. Results: Participants with HbA1c ≥ 7.0% were slightly younger (52.9 ± 11.3 vs 53.9 ± 11.7 years, p = 0.017) and had higher BMI (25.4 ± 3.6 vs 25.1 ± 3.5 kg/m 2 , p = 0.037), WC (88.9 ± 9.5 vs 88.1 ± 8.8 cm, p = 0.021), and VFA (88.2 ± 39.4 vs 85.1 ± 36.6 cm 2 , p = 0.029) than those with HbA1c < 7.0%. However, no statistically significant associations were observed between HbA1c and BMI (β = – 0.0029, 95% CI: – 0.0243 to 0.0185, p = 0.79), WC (β = – 0.0037, 95% CI: – 0.012 to 0.0047, p = 0.38), or VFA (β = – 0.0012, 95% CI: – 0.0032 to 0.0008, p = 0.24). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between obesity indexes and HbA1c levels among patients with T2DM. Keywords: BMI, HbA1c, T2DM