Hydrolysis-mineralization relay: A synergistic mechanism for a two-strain composite agent to efficiently degrade PAEs and alleviate phytotoxicity

Key Points

• Efficient degradation of PAEs was achieved, significantly reducing phytotoxicity in plants exposed to the agent.
• The two-strain composite agent demonstrated over 70% degradation within 30 days in controlled conditions.
• Assessment of hydrolysis and mineralization interactions confirmed their synergistic contribution to PAE breakdown.
• This method highlights a promising strategy for pesticide remediation, supporting agricultural sustainability and environmental health.