Strongly-correlated fermion systems on a lattice have been a subject of intense focus in the field of condensed-matter physics. These systems are notoriously difficult to solve, even with state-of-theart numerical methods, especially in regimes of parameters where degrees of freedom compete or cooperate at similar energy and length scales. Here, we introduce a spin-1 slave-particle technique to approximately treat the t-U -V -J fermionic model at arbitrary electron dopings in a simple manner. This formalism relies on a self-consistent cluster mean-field method, and it couples effective pseudo-spin and pseudo-fermion sectors, representing the original electron charge and spin degrees, respectively. We study the phase diagram of the model under various conditions and report the appearance of charge and spin stripes within this formalism. These stripes are a consequence of the cluster mean-field treatment of the pseudo-particle sectors and have not been detected in previous slave-particle studies.
Simard et al. (Fri,) studied this question.