Our current work aims to select suitable protocol for successful micropropagation of different cucumber genotypes. Therefore, more than 30 articles from the1980s until now were analyzed. Since the 1980s, advancements in tissue culture protocols have focused on optimizing media compositions and plant growth regulators to improve shoot proliferation, rooting, and overall plantlet development in different cucumber genotypes. Yet, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium has remained as a primary choice for cucumber micropropagation, regularly supplemented with varying concentrations of cytokinins and auxins. Early studies favored BAP as the key cytokinin for shoot induction, while NAA and IBA were commonly used for root development. Over the years, various explants have been used as starting material for cucumber micropropagation, including cotyledons, hypocotyls, shoot tips, nodal segments, and leaf discs. Shoot tips and nodal segments have been widely preferred for direct organogenesis, while cotyledons and hypocotyls have been utilized for adventitious shoot regeneration and genetic transformation studies. The choice of explants significantly influences regeneration efficiency and response to plant growth regulators. Although there is significant progress, challenges such as genotype dependency, explant sensitivity, and somaclonal variation are still present. Future research should focus on adjusting hormonal interactions, genetic stability, and cost-effective alternatives for large-scale application.
Trajkova et al. (Sun,) studied this question.