Digital risk perception among middle-aged and older adults in China: a perspective from mobile phone dependence within the I-PACE model

Key Points

• Digital risk perception aligns with the I-PACE model framework, indicating significant psychological influences.
• The study identifies mobile phone dependence as a key factor in shaping digital risk perception in older adults.
• Assessment of behavioral and psychological patterns provides insights for enhancing digital literacy and safety.
• Strengthening digital safety awareness is crucial for improving the overall digital experiences of middle-aged and older adults.